Wednesday 9 October 2019

AC GENERATOR , PRINCIPLE, CONSTRUCTION, WORKING AND USES FOR CLASS 10 AND 12.

What is AC Generator and explain it's principle, construction, working and uses.

AC GENERATOR, PRINCIPLE, CONSTRUCTION, WORKING AND USES


.AC GENERATOR.

It is a device which convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.

.PRINCIPLE.

It is based on the principle of EMI.

.CONSTRUCTION.

Electric motor consists of following main parts :

1. Field magnets:It produces a strong M.F in region between its pole pieces.

2. Armature:It consists of rectangular coil having a large number of turns of insulated copper wire over soft iron core.

3. Split rings:The two ends of the armature coil are connected with two brass rings called slip rings. They are used to rotate the coil.

4. Brushes:Two carbon brushes are lightly pressed against the two slip rings.
Though these brushes current induced in the armature fed to the external circuit by the means of wire. [Carbon brushes are used because they are flexible]


.WORKING.

As the armature coil rotates the magnetic flux linked with it changes so an induced current flows through it.
Let initially coil ABCD is in vertical position and rotated in anticlockwise direction. The side AB moves upward and DC moves downwards. According to Fleming's right hand rule induced current flows from B to A  and D to C. So during half rotation of the coil induced current flows in the direction BADC with brush 1 acting as positive terminal and brush 2 acting as negative terminal.
During the second half rotation the side AB moves downwards and side CD moves upward. According to fleming's right hand rule current flows from A to B and C to D. So during half rotation of the coil current flows in the direction CDAB with B2 positive and B1 negative.
Thus the direction of current in external circuit is reversed at every half cycle.
Hence AC is produced by the generator so it is called as AC generator.

.USES.

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